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Question 1. Consider Hofstede’s dimensions of national culture and answer the following questions. Describe three ways in which individualistic and collectivistic societies differ. Give three examples of strongly individualistic countries, and three examples of strongly collectivistic countries. Describe two HRM practices that you believe would be highly effective in a collectivistic society, and explain why you think they would be more effective there than in an individualistic society.
Question 2. Trends of the transfer of employment practices, and both convergence and divergence of HRM policies and practices are being noted by researchers across different countries. Answer the following related questions: Define the convergence thesis with reference to patterns of HRM practice use. Explain the factors that are said to be resulting in convergence in HRM practices globally. Refer to relevant readings as evidence to support your arguments. Explain the opposing factors that are said to be resulting in divergence or stasis in HRM practices globally. Refer to relevant readings as evidence to support your arguments.
Question 4.
Bartlett and Ghoshal (1989) defined four types of multinational enterprise (MNE) based on their internationalization strategy. Based on this typology, answer the following questions: Describe the key characteristics of the four types of MNE, including their primary strategic goals. Describe Perlmutter’s three management approaches and how they overlap with Bartlett & Ghoshal’s typology. Do you agree that it would be best for most companies to follow the transnational internationalization strategy? Explain your answer in terms of two advantages and two disadvantages of adopting this approach.
Trade union membership density (% of employees)
Collective bargaining coverage (% of employees) Sweden 80-90% 90-100% Netherlands 20-30% 70-90% USA 10-20% 20-30% Japan 10-20% 90-100%